Top Talkers: Pope Benedict XVI is to resign on February 28, the Vatican said Monday. The Morning Joe panel -- including Mike Barnicle, Time's Mark Halperin and New York Magazine's John Heilemann -- discusses.
The life of Joseph Ratzinger, Pope Benedict XVI
April 20: NBC's Keith Miller reports on how Pope Benedict XVI came to be Pope John Paul II's successor.
- April 16, 1927: Joseph Ratzinger born in Marktl Inn, Bavaria.
- 1939: Enters the minor seminary in Traunstein, Germany.
- 1943: At the age of 16, he and members of his seminary class are drafted into the German anti-aircraft corps.
- 1945: Deserts the army and returns to Traunstein. He is briefly held by American forces in a prisoner of war camp. After his release, he re-enters the seminary.
- 1951: Ordained into the priesthood by Cardinal Faulhaber of Munich.
- 1953: Receives his doctorate in theology from the University of Munich with a thesis entitled "The People and House of God in St. Augistine's Doctrine of the Church."
- 1959: Begins lecturing as a professor of fundamental theology at the University of Bonn.
- 1962-1965: Participates in all four sessions of the Second Vatican Council as theological adviser to Cardinal Joseph Frings of Cologne, Germany.
- 1972: Becomes one of the co-founders of Catholic theology journal Communio.
- 1977: Named Archbishop of Munich and Freising in March and elevated to Cardinal of Munich in June by Pope Paul VI.
- 1981: Named Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith by Pope John Paul II.
- 1998: Named Vice-Dean of the College of Cardinals.
- 2002: Elected Dean of the College of Cardinals.
- April 19, 2005: Cardinal Ratzinger elected as the 265th pope and chooses the name Pope Benedict XVI.
Source: United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
Joseph Ratzinger became Pope Benedict XVI in 2005. Look back at his life from childhood through his papacy.
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